Introduction One of the first questions forensic experts try to answer when unidentified skeletal remains are discovered is, “Was the individual male or female?” Determining biological sex is a crucial step in building a biological profile, helping investigators narrow down missing person records and identify unknown individuals. In forensic anthropology, ...
The Cosmos Bank cyber attack is one of India’s most significant cybercrime incidents, demonstrating how organized cybercriminals can exploit weaknesses in banking infrastructure to steal millions within hours. The attack highlighted the importance of robust cybersecurity, continuous monitoring, and digital forensic investigations in protecting financial institutions. For banks, investigators, and ...
Introduction Malware, short for malicious software, is one of the biggest threats in today’s digital world. From individuals using personal computers to multinational organizations managing sensitive data, everyone is vulnerable to malware attacks. Cybercriminals continuously develop new types of malware to steal information, disrupt operations, demand ransom, or gain unauthorized ...
CCTV cameras are now present almost everywhere. They are commonly installed in homes, offices, shops, banks, parking areas, roads, and other public places. As a result, CCTV footage has become an important source of evidence in many criminal investigations. However, simply obtaining CCTV footage is not enough. Investigators must collect, ...
Introduction In today’s connected world, Bluetooth technology has become an integral part of our daily lives. From wireless earbuds and smartwatches to fitness bands, medical devices, and smart home gadgets, Bluetooth enables seamless communication between devices. However, every connection leaves behind valuable digital traces that can play a crucial role ...
Have you ever wondered where digital evidence exists when a smartphone no longer contains a physical SIM card? As mobile technology continues to evolve, traditional SIM cards are gradually being replaced by embedded SIMs, commonly known as eSIMs. Although they improve convenience and security, they also introduce new challenges for ...
Modern vehicles are more than just machines. They are advanced digital systems that connect with smartphones, GPS services, Bluetooth devices, mobile applications, and cloud platforms. As a result, vehicles can store a large amount of valuable digital information. This has created a growing field known as Vehicle Infotainment System Forensics. ...
When people think about digital forensic investigations, they often focus on files, emails, browser history, or deleted data stored on a device. However, valuable digital evidence can exist much deeper within a system. Hidden beneath the operating system lies firmware—a critical component that controls how hardware communicates with software. Firmware ...
Introduction Forensic science has become synonymous with solving crimes. Thanks to television shows, movies, and news reports, many people believe forensic evidence is always accurate, objective, and impossible to challenge. Fingerprints identify the culprit, DNA never lies, and handwriting analysis always reveals the truth-or so the public perception goes. In ...